Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2001) - Ireland (2004)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2001) z Ireland (2004)

	Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2001)	Ireland (2004)

Administrative divisions	-	26 counties; Carlow, Cavan, Clare, Cork, Donegal, Dublin, Galway, Kerry, Kildare, Kilkenny, Laois, Leitrim, Limerick, Longford, Louth, Mayo, Meath, Monaghan, Offaly, Roscommon, Sligo, Tipperary, Waterford, Westmeath, Wexford, Wicklow note: Cavan, Donegal, and Monaghan are part of Ulster Province
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 21% (male 430,905; female 404,218) 15-64 years: 67.5% (male 1,342,233; female 1,337,580) 65 years and over: 11.5% (male 199,379; female 255,243) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	turnips, barley, potatoes, sugar beets, wheat; beef, dairy products
Airports	-	36 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 15 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 6 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 21 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 17 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 5 sq km land: 5 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island	total: 70,280 sq km land: 68,890 sq km water: 1,390 sq km
Area - comparative	about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	slightly larger than West Virginia
Background	These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983 it became a National Nature Reserve. Recent geological explorations have indicated promising petroleum formations.	Celtic tribes settled on the island from 600-150 B.C. Invasions by Norsemen that began in the late 8th century were finally ended when King Brian BORU defeated the Danes in 1014. English invasions began in the 12th century and set off more than seven centuries of Anglo-Irish struggle marked by fierce rebellions and harsh repressions. A failed 1916 Easter Monday Rebellion touched off several years of guerrilla warfare that in 1921 resulted in independence from the UK for 26 southern counties; six northern (Ulster) counties remained part of the United Kingdom. In 1948 Ireland withdrew from the British Commonwealth; it joined the European Community in 1973. Irish governments have sought the peaceful unification of Ireland and have cooperated with Britain against terrorist groups. A peace settlement for Northern Ireland, known as the Good Friday Agreement and approved in 1998, is being implemented with some difficulties.
Birth rate	-	14.47 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget	-	revenues: $53.22 billion expenditures: $53.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $5.5 billion (2003)
Capital	-	Dublin
Climate	tropical	temperate maritime; modified by North Atlantic Current; mild winters, cool summers; consistently humid; overcast about half the time
Coastline	74.1 km	1,448 km
Constitution	-	29 December 1937; adopted 1 July 1937 by plebiscite
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Ireland
Currency	-	euro (EUR) note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Death rate	-	7.91 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external	-	$11 billion (1998)
Dependency status	territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of Australia)	chief of mission: Ambassador James C. KENNY embassy: 42 Elgin Road, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4 mailing address: use embassy street address telephone: [353] (1) 668-8777 FAX: [353] (1) 668-9946
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of Australia)	chief of mission: Ambassador Noel FAHEY chancery: 2234 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 462-3939 FAX: [1] (202) 232-5993 consulate(s) general: Boston, Chicago, New York, and San Francisco
Disputes - international	none	disputes with Iceland, Denmark, and the UK over the Faroe Islands continental shelf boundary outside 200 nm
Economic aid - donor	-	ODA, $283 million (2001)
Economy - overview	no economic activity	Ireland is a small, modern, trade-dependent economy with growth averaging a robust 8% in 1995-2002. The global slowdown, especially in the information technology sector, pressed growth down to 2.1% in 2003. Agriculture, once the most important sector, is now dwarfed by industry and services. Industry accounts for 46% of GDP and about 80% of exports and employs 28% of the labor force. Although exports remain the primary engine for Ireland's growth, the economy has also benefited from a rise in consumer spending, construction, and business investment. Per capita GDP is 10% above that of the four big European economies and the second highest in the sEU, behind Luxembourg. Over the past decade, the Irish Government has implemented a series of national economic programs designed to curb price and wage inflation, reduce government spending, increase labor force skills, and promote foreign investment. Ireland joined in launching the euro currency system in January 1999 along with 10 other EU nations.
Electricity - consumption	-	21.63 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	-	285 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	-	38 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	-	23.53 billion kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 3 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Carrauntoohil 1,041 m
Environment - current issues	NA	water pollution, especially of lakes, from agricultural runoff
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Marine Life Conservation
Ethnic groups	-	Celtic, English
Exchange rates	-	euros per US dollar - 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999)
Executive branch	-	chief of state: President Mary MCALEESE (since 11 November 1997) head of government: Prime Minister Bertie AHERN (since 26 June 1997) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president with previous nomination by the prime minister and approval of the House of Representatives elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 31 October 1997 (next scheduled for 22 October 2004); note - Mary MCALEESE appointed to a second term when no other candidate qualified for the 2004 presidential election; prime minister nominated by the House of Representatives and appointed by the president election results: Mary MCALEESE elected president; percent of vote - Mary MCALEESE 44.8%, Mary BANOTTI 29.6% note: government coalition - Fianna Fail and the Progressive Democrats
Exports	-	27,450 bbl/day (2001)
Exports - commodities	-	machinery and equipment, computers, chemicals, pharmaceuticals; live animals, animal products (1999)
Exports - partners	-	US 20.5%, UK 18.1%, Belgium 12.6%, Germany 8.3%, France 6.1%, Netherlands 5.1%, Italy 4.6% (2003)
Fiscal year	-	calendar year
Flag description	the flag of Australia is used	three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and orange; similar to the flag of Cote d'Ivoire, which is shorter and has the colors reversed - orange (hoist side), white, and green; also similar to the flag of Italy, which is shorter and has colors of green (hoist side), white, and red
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $116.2 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: 5% industry: 46% services: 49% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $29,600 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	1.4% (2003 est.)
Geographic coordinates	12 14 S, 123 05 E	53 00 N, 8 00 W
Geography - note	Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983	strategic location on major air and sea routes between North America and northern Europe; over 40% of the population resides within 97 km of Dublin
Highways	-	total: 92,500 km paved: 87,043 km (including 115 km of expressways) unpaved: 5,457 km (2000 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: 2% highest 10%: 27.3% (1997)
Illicit drugs	-	transshipment point for and consumer of hashish from North Africa to the UK and Netherlands and of European-produced synthetic drugs; minor transshipment point for heroin and cocaine destined for Western Europe; despite recent legislation, narcotics-related money laundering using bureaux de change, trusts, shell companies involving the offshore financial community remains a concern
Imports	-	178,600 bbl/day (2001)
Imports - commodities	-	data processing equipment, other machinery and equipment, chemicals; petroleum and petroleum products, textiles, clothing
Imports - partners	-	UK 34.9%, US 15.8%, Germany 7.9%, Netherlands 4.1% (2003)
Independence	-	6 December 1921 (from UK by treaty)
Industrial production growth rate	-	6.7% (2003 est.)
Industries	-	food products, brewing, textiles, clothing; chemicals, pharmaceuticals, machinery, transportation equipment, glass and crystal; software
Infant mortality rate	-	total: 5.5 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.04 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.92 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	3.5% (2003 est.)
International organization participation	-	Australia Group, BIS, CE, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MIGA, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM (guest), NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIK, UNMIL, UNOCI, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WEU (observer), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
Irrigated land	0 sq km (1993)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	-	Supreme Court (judges appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister and cabinet)
Labor force	-	1.871 million (2003)
Labor force - by occupation	-	agriculture 8%, industry 29%, services 64% (2002 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 360 km border countries: UK 360 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (all grass and sand)	arable land: 15.2% permanent crops: 0.03% other: 84.77% (2001)
Languages	-	English is the language generally used, Irish (Gaelic or Gaeilge) spoken mainly in areas located along the western seaboard
Legal system	the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply	based on English common law, substantially modified by indigenous concepts; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	-	bicameral Parliament or Oireachtas consists of the Senate or Seanad Eireann (60 seats - 49 elected by the universities and from candidates put forward by five vocational panels, 11 are nominated by the prime minister; members serve five-year terms) and the House of Representatives or Dail Eireann (166 seats; members are elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation to serve five-year terms) elections: Senate - last held 16 and 17 July 2002 (next to be held by July 2007); House of Representatives - last held 17 May 2002 (next to be held by May 2007) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Fianna Fail 30, Fine Gael 15, Labor Party 5, Progressive Democrats 4, independents and others 6; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - Fianna Fail 41.5%, Fine Gael 22.5%, Labor Party 10.8%, Sinn Fein 6.5%, Progressive Democrats 4.0%, Green Party 3.8%, others 10.9%; seats by party - Fianna Fail 81, Fine Gael 31, Labor Party 21, Progressive Democrats 8, Green Party 6, Sinn Fein 5, others 14
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 77.36 years male: 74.74 years female: 80.15 years (2004 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98% (1981 est.) male: NA female: NA
Location	Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Australia	Western Europe, occupying five-sixths of the island of Ireland in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Great Britain
Map references	Southeast Asia	Europe
Maritime claims	contiguous zone: 12 NM continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	-	total: 35 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 288,401 GRT/383,628 DWT by type: bulk 7, cargo 22, chemical tanker 1, container 3, roll on/roll off 1, short-sea/passenger 1 foreign-owned: Germany 3, Italy 7, Norway 2 registered in other countries: 18 (2004 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force	-
Military branches	-	Army (including Naval Service and Air Corps)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$700 million (FY00/01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	0.9% (FY00/01)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 1,029,525 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 827,811 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	-	males: 30,083 (2004 est.)
National holiday	-	Saint Patrick's Day, 17 March
Nationality	-	noun: Irishman(men), Irishwoman(women), Irish (collective plural) adjective: Irish
Natural hazards	surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards	NA
Natural resources	fish	natural gas, peat, copper, lead, zinc, silver, barite, gypsum, limestone, dolomite
Net migration rate	-	4.99 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Pipelines	-	gas 1,795 km (2004)
Political parties and leaders	-	Fianna Fail [Bertie AHERN]; Fine Gael [Enda KENNY]; Green Party [Trevor SARGENT]; Labor Party [Pat RABITTE]; Progressive Democrats [Mary HARNEY]; Sinn Fein [Gerry ADAMS]; Socialist Party [Joe HIGGINS]; The Workers' Party [Sean GARLAND]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	NA
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: there are only seasonal caretakers (July 2001 est.)	3,969,558 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	10% (1997 est.)
Population growth rate	-	1.16% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	none; offshore anchorage only	Arklow, Cork, Drogheda, Dublin, Foynes, Galway, Limerick, New Ross, Waterford
Radio broadcast stations	-	AM 9, FM 106, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways	-	total: 3,312 km broad gauge: 1,947 km 1.600-m gauge (46 km electrified) narrow gauge: 1,365 km 0.914-m gauge (operated by the Irish Peat Board to transport peat to power stations and briquetting plants) (2003)
Religions	-	Roman Catholic 91.6%, Church of Ireland 2.5%, other 5.9% (1998)
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	-	general assessment: modern digital system using cable and microwave radio relay domestic: microwave radio relay international: country code - 353; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	-	1.955 million (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	3.4 million (2003)
Television broadcast stations	-	4 (many low-power repeaters) (2001)
Terrain	low with sand and coral	mostly level to rolling interior plain surrounded by rugged hills and low mountains; sea cliffs on west coast
Total fertility rate	-	1.87 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	4.7% (2003 est.)
Waterways	none	753 km (pleasure craft only) (2004)

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